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Understanding Schrödinger Bridge
Nguyen Minh Hieu
08/16/2023

This page is under construction

The Schrödinger Bridge Problem

The Schrödinger Bridge Problem is a weak version of the Optimal Transport

Flow Matching and The Conditioning Trick

Flow Matching[1] introduce the conditioning trick. The conditioning trick is first derived in the context of speeding up continuous flow model but its ability for allowing simulation-free training is later used in training Schrödinger Bridges[3]. In short, the conditioning trick can be seen in the simplification of the flow-matching loss:

The Diffusion Process

The diffusion equation or also known as the Fokker-Planck equation is described by a hyperbolic PDE:

tp(x,t)=[μ(x,t)p(x,t)]+[D(x,t)p(x,t)]\partial_t p(\mathbf{x}, t) = - \nabla \cdot [\mathbf{\mu}(\mathbf{x},t) p(\mathbf{x}, t)] + \nabla \cdot \nabla\cdot [D(\mathbf{x}, t)p(\mathbf{x}, t)]

This diffusion process can also be described by the corresponding SDE:

dXt=μ(Xt,t)dt+σ(Xt,t)dWtd\mathbf{X}_t = \mathbf{\mu}(\mathbf{X}_t, t)dt + \mathbf{\sigma}(\mathbf{X}_t, t) d\mathbf{W}_t

The link between these two equation can be seen through the proof of the famous Feynmann-Kac’s formula.

References

[0] SB-FBSDE: Likelihood Training of Schrödinger Bridge using Forward-Backward SDEs Theory
[1] Flow Matching for Generative Modeling
[2] I2SB: Image-to-Image Schrödinger Bridge